Deposits that gradually accumulate on the enamel during eating, smoking, and other processes, in the absence of proper hygiene care, become a serious problem. Prolonged disregard for the recommended processing methods leads to the formation of caries, which destroys the structure of the crowns due to the action of the acid secreted by pathogenic bacteria. The progress of the condition is characterized by the appearance of a brownstone, which not only violates the visual aesthetics of the smile but also contributes to further negative transformations. In such situations, especially if a child has encountered difficulties, the help of a professional dentist is recommended, who will suggest the best solution based on the specifics of individual indications. Why does it appear and what is the name of the black plaque on the front and back teeth, what is it, and how does it remove blackness from the inside without resorting to radical methods of treatment?
General view
The biofilm, which is made up of bacteria, has a sticky texture that causes it to gradually increase in volume. Initially, a colorless composition, formed mainly between the elements of the dentition, on the chewing surface, as well as in the area of the junction of enamel and gums, hardens and darkens over time, creating problems both with the aesthetics and with the functionality of the dentoalveolar apparatus. It is not possible to completely exclude the formation process, therefore, to maintain oral health, one should strictly adhere to the recommended hygiene care schedule.
Speaking about what causes black plaque on the teeth in adults and children, the following varieties of abnormal conditions are first mentioned.
Bacterial
The natural biological film that forms on the cervical areas is characterized by a soft texture, which makes it easy to remove. It is enough to regularly use toothpaste and a toothbrush, which removes most of the deposited mass of bacteria, and also visit the Dentika dental clinic at least once a quarter – to undergo a routine examination and prevent pathological changes that can cause deposits in hard-to-reach places.
Pigmentary
Gradually hardening, the Black plaque turns into a stone, which is no longer possible to remove on its own. Mineralization occurs due to the calcium and phosphorus salts present in saliva, which ultimately leads to the formation of caries and the weakening of the enamel. As a result, vulnerability to the pigments contained in tobacco products, against which smokers begin to experience problems with the aesthetics of a smile. Not only the outer coating changes but also the structure of the dentin, the natural shade of which can be restored using the chemical bleaching procedure.
Black plaque from tea and coffee
Another source of coloring trace elements is popular drinks consumed daily by the vast majority of people. Pigmenting particles stick rather weakly to the cleaned enamel surface of the crowns but successfully settle on the sticky film. With insufficient hygiene and abuse of coffee and tea ceremonies, the deposits will likely acquire the appropriate shade.
Other causes of darkening
However, oral care should also be competent and correct. Staining of the enamel can be caused by the use of products with a high content of chlorhexidine, an antiseptic used in many pastes and rinses. Similarly, benzalkonium chloride is added to various dental gels, as well as essential oils of polyphenolic origin – for example, those that are part of the Listerine – effect. The reaction is individual and usually manifests itself against the background of the presence of an already-formed bacterial plaque, which up to a certain point has retained a colorless structure.
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Reasons for the formation
In the oral cavity, various types of bacteria make up the natural microflora and ensure the maintenance of a healthy state. In the total volume of the film, more than 80% is occupied by water, while the remaining part in the ratio of 70 to 30 is formed by microbes and glycoproteins (together with polysaccharides). Streptococci and anaerobes are responsible for the initial stage of colonization of the enamel surface, while the further development is due to the lack of regular cleaning and the abundance of sugar available for nutrition.
Before proceeding with the restoration, it is important to clarify the causes of the formation of dark plaque on the front and back teeth, as well as between them, that is, in the most inaccessible areas. Based on the results of preliminary diagnostics carried out using modern equipment, the optimal bleaching method is selected.
Education algorithm
Initially colorless, the biofilm gradually becomes pigmented with organic and inorganic chromospheres that determine the color range. Similar elements are found in various products – from coffee, tea, and cigarettes to fruits and red wine. If the surface is initially clean, with no traces of an abundant soft bacterial layer or hardened tartar, darkening occurs much more slowly, since the pigments require a sufficiently pliable base to integrate.
How to get rid of blackness on the teeth and clean the enamel in a child
One of the main problems for children is the need to monitor compliance of the kids with the schedule of regular hygienic care. If the pathological condition has already reached a certain stage of development, the same procedures are recommended as in the case of adult patients, first of all, ultrasound and Air Flow. It should be borne in mind that over time, chromogenic pigmentation may return. Periodic professional cleaning in dentistry, as well as the use of special tools, for example, an electric brush, the mechanics of the movement of the head which is designed to completely break down the forming film, allows preventing recurrence.
How to whiten black teeth
Dental services provided by the specialists of the Dentika centers are carried out using modern equipment and proven methods that guarantee the achievement of the desired result. To get rid of dark plaque, it is recommended to use one of the following methods:
- Mechanical cleaning.
- Ultrasonic processing.
- Airflow technology.
If necessary, the methods are combined, increasing the effectiveness of the prescribed procedures. The choice depends on the indications of the clinical picture, based on which the current state of the elements of the dentition is assessed, the presence and degree of development of the pathology are clarified, and the need for additional treatment is determined. Each of the proposed options corresponds to certain results of preliminary diagnostics, combining both a general visual examination and a hardware examination of the oral cavity.
Mechanical cleaning
Manual processing of enamel is the simplest option in terms of the need for equipment, implemented using a brush, paste with abrasive elements, and floss. The advantage of dental treatment is the ability to get rid of both cervical black plaque near the gums and on the teeth by cleaning the edges inside and between them – the causes of the formation may be different, but the result always meets the expectations of patients both in terms of aesthetics and in terms of maintaining functional states.
Ultrasonic cleaning
Demanded technique, is in demand due to its effectiveness. Scalers – devices that generate directed waves of ultrasound – remove any type of deposits, including hardened tartar. The vibrations of the nozzle, together with the water supply, destroy the adhesion between the film and the enamel, forming multiple air bubbles that burst and clean the crown coating. It is important to take into account that microparticles remain on the surface after the procedure, to eliminate which additional polishing is required, restoring the natural smooth state.
Airflow technique
The method, which from a technical point of view resembles sandblasting, is implemented by directing an air mixture under pressure, saturated with abrasive elements, to problem areas. It is recommended in the absence of massive deposits and a small thickness of the pigmented layer.
How to remove black plaque on teeth at home
Pronounced pigmentation, as well as the presence of tartar, requires professional medical intervention. Otherwise, it is likely to worsen the already weakened enamel, provoking the development of pathological processes and inflammation. However, this does not mean that the responsibility for oral care should be completely shifted to doctors – self-observance of certain rules helps to reduce the intensity of biofilm formation and the accumulation of bacteria.
Flossing
An important and largely underestimated procedure, often ignored by patients. Floss helps to get rid of dirt in the interdental spaces, where a regular brush is ineffective. Regular use in compliance with the recommended technique of movements helps to improve the gums and reduce the amount of plaque.
Whitening pastes
They are sold in various modifications and varieties, promising the removal of pigment and mineralized formations. When choosing, it is important to build on the composition of the product and medical recommendations, since in some cases the components can provoke a chemical reaction, accompanied by negative side effects. The best solution is to consult a dentist who will suggest the appropriate option and create a safe schedule for effective use.
Toothbrushes
Modern manufacturers offer a variety of types of hygienic instruments, conditionally divided into three main categories:
- Standard manual models. They differ in the stiffness of the pile, the choice of which depends on the sensitivity of the gums.
- Ultrasonic mods. They are based on the effective use of ultrasound, which generates waves that destroy the plaque structure.
- Electric brushes. They differ in the mechanics of the movement of the head, which is displaced along the radius or in a reciprocating direction, due to which soft deposits are gradually removed from the surface of the enamel.
How to permanently get rid of Black plaque
The main cause of pigmentation, which acquires a black, brown, or yellowish tint, is insufficient attention to hygiene procedures, combined with the abuse of bad habits. The less often the film is removed from the surface of the enamel, the better the “bridgehead” for fixing the coloring microparticles, therefore, to avoid negative consequences, it is recommended to strictly adhere to medical recommendations.
Speaking about the choice of brushes, you should pay attention to electric and ultrasonic models, which are more effective in terms of preventing black plaque formation. At the same time, the pile mustn’t be too hard – otherwise, there is a possibility of damage to the gums, the appearance of bleeding, and the development of inflammatory processes. The composition of the selected whitening pastes should also be agreed upon with the attending physician. Useful components, whether polygon, sodium citrate, or pyrophosphates, initially limit the possibility of attaching the pigment to the enamel coating, but much depends on the individual tolerance of such preventive procedures. The abrasiveness index is also taken into account, which is especially important when it comes to products for daily use – a value in the range of 70-100 RDA is considered the norm, which can be specified on the packaging.
How to prevent Black plaque
Any pathological condition is better to prevent than to treat. This rule also applies to the problem under consideration, so those who do not want to spend time restoring the aesthetics of a smile should pay attention to the basic recommendations. Following simple rules will help minimize the likelihood of massive deposits and make it easier to maintain oral health:
- Teeth should be brushed at least twice a day, using ultrasonic or electric brushes, as well as pastes, the composition of which corresponds to individual indications obtained from the results of the diagnosis.
- With a weakened structure, it is recommended to exclude foods containing aggressive pigments from the diet, including tea and coffee, red wine, certain varieties of fruits and berries, ketchup, and so on.
- Considering the degree of intensity of the deposition of nicotine components, as well as the general harm that smoking has on health, giving up a bad habit will be a significant plus.
- Regularly scheduled visits to the dentist – at least once every six months – will help identify problem areas at an early stage and prevent more serious consequences that require complex treatment.
Special attention deserves dental care at an early age. Parents should ensure that the child adheres to the daily brushing schedule, and consumes more fluids and fewer sweets. It is not recommended to tighten with weaning from a pacifier or pacifier. For the full formation and development of the jaw section, the diet should be supplemented with carrots and apples, which give the necessary load on the crowns and gums. At the first signs of caries, you should immediately consult a dentist – even if the disease is localized in milk units, a prolonged course can lead to damage to the rudiments of indigenous elements.
Summing up
Violation of the aesthetics of a smile creates several problems – both physical and psychological. Darkened enamel makes patients feel embarrassed when communicating with others, which is equally important for children and adults. In addition, such a condition indicates pathological changes that can subsequently lead to the destruction of the structure of the crowns and the development of more serious diseases. Specialists of the Dentika dental centers know how to remove dark and black plaque from the teeth, at what stage it is worth carrying out a comprehensive restoration, and remineralization, and when it is better to start the prevention of pathologies – contact us!