Many who have been to the dentist at least once have heard about how the process of phased dental implantation takes place, how the installation procedure goes, and how this operation is performed. However, not everyone knows about the preparatory measures and other features of this manipulation.
How it works today
There are several steps:
- Preparatory. It is necessary for carrying out actions to clean the oral cavity, collect analyses, and other indicators that allow the installation of the pin.
- The support element insert, which is closed with a special gingival flap, is sutured for subsequent integration. It may take three to five months to heal.
- Then the support is installed, and the abutment is closed with a temporary crown.
- Based on the impressions taken, a permanent chewing element is made.
The detailed process of how this is done, namely, how dental implants are placed and implanted for surgery and how they look after implantation, is described below (photos of dentures can be found on the Internet).
Suppose everything is done at once on permanent materials. In that case, the foreign body will likely be rejected, since the additional load will lead to inflammation in open wounds. Only for this, the technique is divided into 4 main stages. At the discretion of the doctor, their number can be reduced to two. Thus, the well is immediately closed and the risk of bacteria entering is greatly reduced.
In this case, two options are possible:
- If there are no contraindications, the extension is performed during the operation.
- Otherwise, the patient will have to wait up to several months until the desired volume is restored.
What are the methods?
Dentistry is actively introducing new methods of dental implantation – further in the article about how it goes and how a dental implant is placed.
Scientists around the world are working to find new approaches to the treatment of various dental ailments. Recently, junk food (including fast food) has led to the rapid development of caries and other diseases in the oral cavity. The spread of microbes has a negative effect on the enamel and, therefore, on protection from external damage and the environment.
Single stage
In clinics with modern equipment, such manipulation can be carried out within one day. Usually, this method is used when you need to restore the jaw row.
At the same time, many confuse it with the one-step format of the procedure. This approach involves the installation of a permanent crown, skipping healing. It allows you to first attach the gingiva former, which will adjust the perfect smile, correct position, and angles for each masticatory organ. The permanent outer part will then be installed after the damaged areas are fully tightened.
How new teeth are inserted and implants are installed along with the removal of damaged ones
One-step operation is only possible under ideal conditions:
- The unit was removed without additional damage;
- Hard tissues, together with soft ones, are not inflamed in the hole and around it;
- Gum volume is sufficient for one-stage manipulation;
Unsatisfactory conditions completely change the scenario to the following:
- Special medical material is poured into the hole to form bone tissue;
- The next step of screwing the pins is postponed for a period of two to four months.
The likelihood of such an intervention depends on the skill of the doctor, the degree of damage to the oral cavity, and the procedure for removing old masticatory organs.
By template
A new method that allows you to foresee all the nuances in advance, reduce the risk of a second operation and correctly adjust the angles and strategy of how a dental implant is placed and how to put teeth in the gum.
A special layout is developed before the start of the intervention based on an accurate cast of the patient’s jaw. In the department of computed tomography, images are taken and a projection of future prostheses is made. Such a comparison allows you to identify the smallest inaccuracies, eliminate problems in advance and carefully prepare the oral cavity.
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Computer models help the doctor adjust the aesthetics and correctly position the future masticatory organs, under which the program will automatically calculate the exact location and angle for the pins. Thus, improvisation during the process of implantation of the tooth is, if possible, excluded, as well as damage to the patient. This is the ideal solution when it is necessary to restore the jaw row.
Due to the fact that the calculation is completely shifted to the robot (algorithm), a very high accuracy is achieved, along with it the quality of all parts that depend on the calculations. The responsible specialist necessarily checks the result on the computer in order to finally eliminate the possibility of any, even a minor, error. The joint work of machine and man takes medicine to a whole new level.
Everything you need to know about free and paid implantation: the stages of how it is carried out, and a photo of how a tooth implant is placed and looks
Before going into details, let’s look at the big picture when the patient went through examinations with preparatory procedures, collected documents, and came to the operation.
The administration of anesthesia is the first step. It should be noted that in most cases local anesthesia is used. General anesthesia is considered too strong for such a procedure, which lasts no more than a couple of hours. The next algorithm of action depends on the type of surgical intervention.
The two-stage technique involves cutting the gums and making a narrow hole in them for the pin. The implant is inserted inside, closed with a flap for protection, and sutured. Each step takes ten to fifteen minutes. The application of the scheme speeds up this process, reducing the number of manipulations.
Preparation for surgery
What is included in the preparatory stage of implantation of living teeth: how is it done and how is a dental implant inserted?
The main task is to collect all the necessary information about the patient’s condition even before the operation. The dentist completely examines the entire oral cavity and larynx and describes their condition. The doctor needs to identify caries, possible inflammation, cracks, gum problems, larynx diseases, and other contraindications to the procedure.
If obstacles were found during the diagnosis, a plan is drawn up for their elimination, treatment, and removal. Analyzes and a map of allergens to which the body reacts poorly are collected. This allows you to choose the right drugs to use in the course of such an intervention.
The determining factor in choosing an appropriate strategy is the availability of sufficient bone tissue. When all the information is collected, the obstacles are removed, and a date for the intervention is set.
The operated person should know: in case of deterioration in general well-being, unforeseen circumstances, or other signs of malaise, it is recommended to contact the attending physician in order to take measures in advance to prevent obstacles.
Surgical stage, or how a dental implant is inserted and installed: operation
Local anesthesia completely blocks the discomfort and pain of the patient. Depending on a predetermined plan, the doctor sets the pins exactly according to the scheme (computer model; modern clinics try to follow this approach).
The doctor carefully cuts the gum to drill a small hole into which a metal pin is screwed. The saline solution continuously bathes the oral cavity so as not to cause discomfort to the patient and to cool the work surface.
The finished base is closed with a plug, and sewn up. After complete recovery of the mucous membrane, usually on the 10th day, the sutures are removed.
The main material for the manufacture of the pin is titanium. Durability and anti-allergic properties have made it a leader in dental applications.
Then comes rehabilitation. At this time, the doctor observes how dental implants are inserted into the gum through a photo from x-rays, prevents rejection in the event of prerequisites, and helps to recover after the procedure.
Gum formation
The natural form is given only after complete healing. Using a small incision, a shaper is inserted under the plug. After 7-10 days, it is replaced with an abutment to install the outer part.
Orthopedic stage
A full impression of the entire jaw is taken for the manufacture of crowns. The material used for them is different and depends on the recommendations of the doctor and the financial capabilities of the patient:
- Cermets;
- Zirconia;
- Cobalt.
During measurements of casts, the doctor must be extremely careful. Depends on this: the absence of discomfort during eating and talking, the purity of speech, and the quality of life of the patient.
How new dental implants are made and inserted if they cannot be placed without bone augmentation
Dental plastic surgery involves increasing the volume of soft tissues on the gums when there is not enough of them. There are two ways to do this:
- Simultaneously transplant soft tissues, if there are no contraindications during the operation.
- Natural growth and division of the surgical intervention into two parts with a gap of several months.
Such formation is necessary to give the jaw an attractive appearance, and to adjust the future smile accordingly. This issue is of particular relevance when it comes to the front incisors, which are always in sight.
Calculation of dental implants for implantation: how to implant
For each specific case, the doctor determines the amount individually. It depends on the structural features of the oral cavity, the volume of soft tissues, and other indications. It should be noted that only a qualified specialist can correctly calculate the chewing load.
General practice is to push ten pins into each jaw if the patient is completely edentulous. With the correct calculation of the installation position, a good result can be obtained using six or eight support elements.
Installing a lot of implants is an expensive pleasure. Therefore, people with limited income seek to reduce their number. A properly made prosthesis will evenly distribute the load. But, in this matter, it is recommended to show healthy reasonableness and choose the best option, based on the recommendations of a specialist.
The next question often heard in the dentist’s chair is: what material should the pin be made of? There are many elements used in this field, therefore, only a qualified specialist can determine the appropriate ones based on contraindications.
A competent doctor will offer several options to choose from that can solve the problem so that the patient can independently choose the right one for the price.
How is rehabilitation going: what to do?
The postoperative period is always accompanied by restorative measures that contribute to a speedy recovery.
In the early days, it is not recommended even to rinse your mouth. This will flush out the blood molecules that are responsible for wound healing. To maintain hygiene, it is possible to clean gently, including the temporary crown. For this, soft brushes are used, and the movements must be very smooth and accurate. Pasta is better to choose with antiseptic additives.
Sauna, solarium, bath, weight lifting, and excessive loads during this period are completely contraindicated. The appearance of any, even the most fleeting, discomfort indicates the need to contact the dentist.
Indications and contraindications
Bone tissue is formed in girls up to eighteen years old, and in guys up to twenty-one years old. Therefore, the installation of pins during this period is strictly prohibited. There is no upper age limit for the procedure.
In case of violations of blood clotting, as well as the regeneration of soft and hard tissues, this surgical intervention can become life-critical. People with an unbalanced psyche or pregnant women are also not allowed to have the procedure.
In other cases, the patient is not limited. However, it should be remembered: this manipulation should be performed by a qualified specialist after a mandatory preliminary examination.
Indications for use are:
- Complete or partial loss of supporting elements of the jaw, on which removable dentures can be attached;
- Allergic reactions to materials;
- Inability to use alternative options for other reasons.
Lifetime
Initially unlimited. This means that titanium rods can last a lifetime. Only the crown will be subject to periodic replacement. In order to reduce cost, manufacturers come up with various materials in both directions: increasing, as well as reducing quality and cost.
The accuracy of the work done is an additional factor affecting the life of the pin. The distribution of chewing load, position in space, bite, normal jaw pressure, and other factors that directly affect the service life depend on the correctness of the calculations.
Which option to incline your own choice depends on financial capabilities and the specific recommendations of the doctor. We must always remember that the durability of any product depends on its care. If you take good care of the implant, following all the recommendations of the dentist, the pin will last a long time.
An implicit but important parameter that affects this indicator is the cost. Quality materials will cost more. However, strong components at the heart of such products are the key to long-term use and quiet life.
The article discussed in detail the question: of how a tooth implant is inserted and screwed, indications for implanting it, and types of operations with detailed explanations of their stages.